History of the term / idiom "vinum Hunicum"
History of the term / idiom "vinum Hunicum"
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Interpretations & occurrences of the term "vinum Hunicum" based on medieval sources.
Interpretations & occurrences of the term "vinum Hunicum" based on medieval sources.
"According to Hildegard of Bingen, Frankisch and strong wines make the blood boil up and that is why one has to mix it with water for drinking; but it is not necessary to mix the Hunnic wine with water, as it is watery by nature."
“Fine, strong wine improperly excites the veins and blood of humans and draws all the moisture that is in humans, as cleaning potions do, and forces the urine to flow before the right time. Hungarian wine doesn't. That is why strong wines must be tempered by bread that you put in them or by adding water. Hungarian wine (Hun wine) need not be tempered in this way; but if someone wants to add water or bread and drink it like this, it is more pleasant to drink, but not healthier.”
https://glossary.wein-plus.eu/hildegard-von-bingen
Notes:
This interpretation implies that "vinum Francum" is stronger than "vinum Hunicum" and the undiluted "vinum Francum" is not so good for the health . So, it does NOT neccesarily imply that 'Hunnic ' wine would mean poor quality at all.
Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange (1610 in Amiens – 1688 in Paris). Philologist and historian of the Middle Ages and Byzantium.
1684 - Glossarium ad scriptores mediae et infimae latinitatis
The link above shows the 1846 edition. The original text from the glossarium is typed below according to the digitized layout. This glossarium begins by saying that "Vinum Hunicum" is a cheaper wine opposed to "Vinum francum".
Vinum Hunicum. Vinum vilius, cui opponitur Vinum francum, generosius.Notit. vet. apud Guden. Cod. diplom.tom. 2. pag. 764. In festo S. Martini debe-tur ei unum quartale de cellario Archiepi-scopi Vini Franci, et in Cena Domini tan-tundem de cellario Prepositi, in festo O.Sanctorum tantumdem; aliis vero tempori-bus anni, videlicet Nativitatis Dni, etc...singula quartalia a preposito Hunnici vinihabebit.Transactio Capitul. Mogunt. interet Pinguens. ann. 1267. ibid. tom. 3. pag.1134: Campanario ecclesiæ Pinguensis, quod contra auram venientem compulset, de com-muni torculari nostro dimidiam amam Vini Franci et tantumdem Hunici dabimus in au-tumpno. Chart ann. 1310. ibid. pag. 59 :Quod ipsos decanum et capitulum 40. carra-tis Vini Hunici censualis.... singulis anniscensus nomine ipsorum ecclesiæ provenientesspoliarunt. Confer chart. ann. 1339. inGunther. Cod. Diplom. Rheno-Mosell. tom.3. pag. 407. Frentz-und Huntz-win, diciturGermanice in alia charta apud eumdemGunther. tom. 4. pag. 127. ann. 1408.Chart. Vendit. ann. 1314. apud Guden.Cod. Diplom. tom. 2. pag. 1010 : Pro annuaet perpetua pensione sex amarum vini Francinostri crementi melioris, etc. Chart. RicholfiAbbat. Ebersperg. ann. 1272. ibid. tom. 3.pag. 1145 : Nos illo anno Pinguensi ecclesiæad solucionem duorum vasorum Franci vini,vel 16. marcarum, quod eorum pocius ele-gerint pœnæ nomine teneamur. Alia videapud Bodmann. Antiq. Rhingav. pag. 204.et 401. qui vinum Hunicum et Francumdictum vult Ungaricum et Gallicum. La-combleto Archiv. Rheni infer. tom. 1. pag.234. vinum Hunicum est quod Huni velcentenarii colligebant per centenas rusti-cas. Adde Scherz. Glossar. German. voceHuinsch, Plebeius, vilis, col. 712. et chartamann. 1290. apud Bodmann. pag. 205. ubiVinum nobile idem videtur, quod alibi vi-num francum.
Bodmann (1290)
Bodmann (1290)
This citation is from Glossarium ad scriptores mediae et infimae latinitatis by Charles du Fresne. No other digitalized text found on the Internet so far.
"qui vinum Hunicum et Francum dictum vult Ungaricum et Gallicum. "
Joan.Jac. REINHARDI (1748)
Joan.Jac. REINHARDI (1748)
1748 - Rerum Palatinarum Nec Non Regionum Finitimarum Omnis Aevi SCRIPTORUM Volumen I.
Joan.Jac. REINHARDI (1748)
"Hunds-Geding indigitare folet, quid quod & vinum Hunicum legimus? in documento quod alibi afferemus?"
Other interpretations of the term / idiom "vinum Hunicum"
Other interpretations of the term / idiom "vinum Hunicum"
As Hungary is involved deeply in this topic let us demonstrate some Hungarian opinion about the term "vinum Hunicum".
As Hungary is involved deeply in this topic let us demonstrate some Hungarian opinion about the term "vinum Hunicum".
http://tiszataj.bibl.u-szeged.hu/102/1/tiszataj_1968_008.pdf
Béla Tóth's article about the Kadarka wine describes that some Palatinate (German: Pfalz) charters mentioned and introduced "vinum hunicum" as Hungarian RED wines in the 13th-14th centuries (see "Tiszatáj XXII" by Béla Tóth, 1968).
As the term "Vinum Hunicum" was primarily introduced in German-speaking areas from the 12th centuries, it is worth reading some interpretations from German texts as well.
As the term "Vinum Hunicum" was primarily introduced in German-speaking areas from the 12th centuries, it is worth reading some interpretations from German texts as well.
For many people, it is hard to believe that varieties of wine in the middle ages were not labeled at all by quality. The article in German below addresses the same issue referring to R. Laufner point of view.
"Quellen und Forschungen zur spätmittelalterlichen Weinbaugeschichteb" (Sources and research on late medieval wine history)
Extract from the text translated to English: "Finally, R. Laufner took the view that the explanation that it was only a matter of quality differences was not very convincing, since one could have labeled it more clearly with bonum or malum or corresponding Middle High German adjectives, which is also for the equation of the Hun with the white wine and Franconian wine with red wine apply."
Our interpretation of the phrase "vinum Hunicum"
Our interpretation of the phrase "vinum Hunicum"
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